What happens to the muscles during a contracture?

During a contracture, the muscles undergo a permanent shortening, which restricts their ability to stretch and function normally. This condition often occurs due to a lack of use, prolonged immobility, or neurological conditions that affect muscle control. When muscles are in a contracted state, they become tight and rigid, leading to a decreased range of motion in the joints associated with those muscles.

The permanent shortening can also result from fiber changes within the muscles, including altered connective tissue properties. This contrasts with weakening or lengthening, as the muscle's fundamental structure remains intact but is in a tight, shortened position. Understanding this process is crucial for healthcare providers as it emphasizes the importance of mobility and regular movement in preventing such conditions, particularly in patients who may be at risk due to inactivity or certain medical conditions.